COWLES FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH IN ECONOMICS
AT YALE UNIVERSITY

Box 208281
New Haven, CT 06520-8281

Lux et veritas

COWLES FOUNDATION DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 798

"On the Performance of Least Squares in Linear Regression
with Undefined Error Means"

Donald W.K. Andrews

July 1986

This paper considers the linear regression model with multiple stochastic regressors, intercept, and errors that have undefined means. This model is of interest from a robustness perspective as a polar case. Generally, least squares estimators are inconsistent in this context. It is shown, however, that this inconsistency is restricted to the estimation of the intercept, if the regressors are highly variable. Rates of convergence of the least squares slope estimators are determined, and are shown to exceed the standard rate, n-1/2, in certain contexts. The results place no restrictions on the temporal dependence of the errors, and require an unusually weak exogeneity condition between the regressors and errors. Implications of the results for robustness theory are discussed.

JEL Classification: Classification: 211

Keywords: Least squares estimator, linear regression, stable distribution, fat-tails, consistency, robustness